The reporter learned from the National Marine Environment Forecasting Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources that this year's El Ni ñ o event in the equatorial and central eastern Pacific may break historical observation records. Affected by this climate background, China's coastal areas are continuously facing a complex marine disaster test of typhoons, huge waves, and storm surges.

In May of this year, the equatorial Middle East Pacific entered an El Ni ñ o state and maintained a rapid development trend. As of now, the warming degree of this event during the same period has exceeded several historical super El Ni ñ o events in 1982-1983, 1997-1998, and 2015-2016. The model's prediction results continue to increase, and it is expected that this El Ni ñ o event will reach its peak in the late autumn to winter of this year, or become the strongest El Ni ñ o event in recorded history.

Tan Jing, Senior Engineer at the National Marine Environment Forecasting Center: Generally, typhoons that affect our country are generated in the northwest Pacific and South China Sea. This year, due to the impact of El Ni ñ o, the source of typhoon generation in the northwest Pacific is slightly eastward, and the probability of strong typhoon generation will increase. The eastward location of typhoon generation means that the typhoon stays at sea for a longer time, has more time and space to absorb heat and water vapor, and then accumulates energy. This may result in a stronger intensity when it finally lands, causing greater harm to China's coastal areas.

Strong typhoons often make landfall accompanied by strong winds, raging waves, and storm surges, significantly increasing coastal defense pressure. According to monitoring by the ocean forecasting department, this year's wave disaster warning shows obvious abnormal characteristics.

Gao Zhiyi, Deputy Director of the Wave Forecasting Room at the National Marine Environment Forecasting Center: This year's wave warnings have three characteristics. Firstly, due to the longer life history of typhoon processes, the warning period has also been extended. Secondly, the number of typhoon warnings for red alerts is 1-2 times higher than the annual average. Thirdly, there is a slight increase in the maximum significant wave height near the coast compared to historical extremes.

Extreme sea conditions occur frequently, posing challenges to coastal marine pastures, port terminals, coastal embankments, and offshore work platforms. A longer alarm cycle and stronger nearshore wave height mean a longer disaster prevention window, and offshore aquaculture and shipping production require earlier risk avoidance and early transfer of materials and facilities. (Outlook New Era)